Converting Pressure
Convert between Pascal, bar, PSI, and more.
Table of Contents
Pressure Converter
Pressure Conversion Charts
Pascal to Kilopascal
Conversion Factor: 1 kilopascal (kPa) = 1,000 pascals (Pa) (1 Pa = 0.001 kPa)
Explanation: Divide the value in pascals by 1,000 to convert to kilopascals.
| Pascals (Pa) | Kilopascals (kPa) |
|---|---|
| 100 | 0.1 |
| 200 | 0.2 |
| 500 | 0.5 |
| 1,000 | 1.0 |
| 5,000 | 5.0 |
| 10,000 | 10.0 |
| 50,000 | 50.0 |
| 100,000 | 100.0 |
Pascal to Bar
Conversion Factor: 1 bar = 100,000 pascals (1 Pa = 0.00001 bar)
Explanation: Divide the pascal value by 100,000 to obtain the pressure in bars.
| Pascals (Pa) | Bar |
|---|---|
| 1,000 | 0.01 |
| 5,000 | 0.05 |
| 10,000 | 0.1 |
| 50,000 | 0.5 |
| 100,000 | 1.0 |
| 200,000 | 2.0 |
| 500,000 | 5.0 |
| 1,000,000 | 10.0 |
Pascal to PSI
Conversion Factor: 1 PSI = 6,894.76 pascals (1 Pa ≈ 0.000145 PSI)
Explanation: Divide the value in pascals by 6,894.76 to convert to PSI.
| Pascals (Pa) | PSI |
|---|---|
| 1,000 | 0.145 |
| 5,000 | 0.725 |
| 10,000 | 1.45 |
| 50,000 | 7.25 |
| 100,000 | 14.5 |
| 200,000 | 29.0 |
| 500,000 | 72.5 |
| 1,000,000 | 145.0 |
Pascal to Standard Atmosphere (atm)
Conversion Factor: 1 atm = 101,325 pascals (1 Pa ≈ 0.00000987 atm)
Explanation: Divide the pascal value by 101,325 to convert to atmospheres.
| Pascals (Pa) | atm |
|---|---|
| 1,000 | 0.00987 |
| 5,000 | 0.0493 |
| 10,000 | 0.0987 |
| 50,000 | 0.493 |
| 100,000 | 0.987 |
| 200,000 | 1.974 |
| 500,000 | 4.935 |
| 1,000,000 | 9.87 |
Pascal to Megapascal
Conversion Factor: 1 megapascal (MPa) = 1,000,000 pascals (1 Pa = 0.000001 MPa)
Explanation: Divide the pascal value by 1,000,000 to obtain the pressure in megapascals.
| Pascals (Pa) | Megapascal (MPa) |
|---|---|
| 1,000 | 0.001 |
| 5,000 | 0.005 |
| 10,000 | 0.01 |
| 50,000 | 0.05 |
| 100,000 | 0.1 |
| 500,000 | 0.5 |
| 1,000,000 | 1.0 |
| 5,000,000 | 5.0 |
Pascal to Torr
Conversion Factor: 1 torr = 133.322 pascals (1 Pa ≈ 0.0075 torr)
Explanation: Divide the value in pascals by 133.322 to convert to torr.
| Pascals (Pa) | Torr |
|---|---|
| 1,000 | 7.50 |
| 5,000 | 37.5 |
| 10,000 | 75.0 |
| 50,000 | 375.0 |
| 100,000 | 750.0 |
| 200,000 | 1500.0 |
| 500,000 | 3750.0 |
| 1,000,000 | 7500.0 |
Pascal to Inch Mercury (32°F)
Conversion Factor: 1 inch mercury (32°F) = 3,386.39 pascals (1 Pa ≈ 0.000295 inHg)
Explanation: Divide the pascal value by 3,386.39 to convert to inches of mercury (measured at 32°F).
| Pascals (Pa) | Inch Mercury (inHg, 32°F) |
|---|---|
| 1,000 | 0.295 |
| 5,000 | 1.475 |
| 10,000 | 2.95 |
| 50,000 | 14.75 |
| 100,000 | 29.5 |
| 200,000 | 59.0 |
| 500,000 | 147.5 |
| 1,000,000 | 295.0 |
Pascal to Technical Atmosphere
Conversion Factor: 1 Technical Atmosphere ≈ 98,066.5 pascals (1 Pa ≈ 0.00001020 Technical Atmospheres)
Explanation: Divide the pascal value by 98,066.5 to obtain the pressure in technical atmospheres.
| Pascals (Pa) | Technical Atmosphere |
|---|---|
| 1,000 | 0.0102 |
| 5,000 | 0.0510 |
| 10,000 | 0.1020 |
| 50,000 | 0.5100 |
| 100,000 | 1.0200 |
| 200,000 | 2.0400 |
| 500,000 | 5.1000 |
| 1,000,000 | 10.2000 |
Categories and Notable Pressure Units
SI and Derived Units
- Pascal (Pa): The base unit for pressure in the SI system.
- Kilopascal (kPa) and Megapascal (MPa): Commonly used in engineering and scientific applications.
- Hectopascal (hPa): Widely used in meteorology; 1 hPa = 100 Pa.
- Bar: Popular in weather forecasting and industrial contexts; 1 bar = 100,000 Pa.
- Atmosphere (atm): A standard reference unit with 1 atm ≈ 101325 Pa.
Imperial and Customary Units
- Psi (Pounds per Square Inch): 1 psi ≈ 6894.76 Pa, commonly used in automotive and industrial applications.
- Ksi: Represents thousands of psi; useful for very high-pressure measurements.
- Torr and Millimeter Mercury: 1 Torr ≈ 133.322 Pa, often used in vacuum systems and barometry.
Extremely High and Low Pressures
- High-Pressure Units: Units such as exapascal, petapascal, terapascal, and gigapascal (e.g., 1 GPa = 109 Pa) are used in high-pressure physics and material science.
- Low-Pressure Units: Decipascal, centipascal, millipascal, micropascal, nanopascal, picopascal, femtopascal, and attopascal represent very low pressures used in vacuum technology and atmospheric studies.
Water and Mercury Column Units
- Water Column Units: “Centimeter of water” (≈98.0665 Pa) and “Millimeter of water” (≈9.80665 Pa) are used in hydraulic systems and fluid dynamics.
- Mercury Column Units: Units such as inch of mercury—with different conversion values at 32°F (≈3386.39 Pa) and 60°F (≈3376.85 Pa)—account for temperature-dependent density variations in mercury.
- Foot of Water: Provided for both 4°C (≈2988.6 Pa) and 60°F (≈2986.05 Pa), these units are useful in engineering calculations involving fluid pressure.
- Atmosphere_technical: At 98066.5 Pa, this variant is used in technical contexts requiring a slightly different reference pressure.
Practical Applications and Usefulness
- Meteorology and Environmental Science: Hectopascals, Torr, and millimeters of mercury are frequently used for weather forecasting and atmospheric pressure measurements.
- Engineering and Industrial Design: Psi, kPa, and bar are essential in designing hydraulic, pneumatic, and structural systems.
- High-Pressure Research: Gigapascals and other high-pressure units are critical in materials science and geophysics, where precise pressure measurements are needed.
- Vacuum Systems and Low-Pressure Environments: Extremely low-pressure units (such as micropascal or nanopascal) are indispensable in semiconductor manufacturing and vacuum technology.
- Scientific Consistency: Using the Pascal as the central reference ensures that our conversion process remains consistent, reliable, and easy to understand across a wide array of pressure units.